4a. The historical character of the physical world (Kant)

Kant, in 1754, was the first to put forward the view that the rotation of the earth is retarded by tidal friction… (Engels, Dialectics of Nature.)

Kant began his career by resolving the stable solar system of Newton and its eternal duration, after the famous initial impulse had once been given, into the result of a historic process, the formation of the Sun and all the planets out of a rotating nebulous mass. (Engels, Anti-Dühring, Introduction, General.)